Cannabis Cultivation

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Cannabis cultivation is the cultivation of the Cannabis sativa plant. Subspecies are C. sativa subsp. sativa and C. sativa subsp. indica. Wild or escaped Cannabis, previously classified as Cannabis ruderalis, is now regarded as the variety C. sativa subsp sativa var. spontanea. Various hybrids are cultivated. Cannabis is grown for a variety of purposes, including as a source of materials for use in various products, such as food, clothing, cosmetics and fuel and for the production of cannabis drug materials.

The drug material is used medicinally, recreationally, and spiritually, but its possession is illegal in most places. See: Legal issues of cannabis.

Hindu Kush Cannabis seedsThe legal status of cannabis has led growers to implement novel cultivation methods for indoor growing, in order to avoid aerial surveillance of outdoor plots. These methods include: using a water or air-based growth medium (known as hydroponics and aeroponics respectively); the use of homemade organic composted fertilizers; training and trellising techniques such as Screen of Green (also known as SCROG), Sea of Green (also known as SOG); and entire systems and methods such as the NIMBY no-dump method, or the Krusty Freedom Bucket method. Research into the production of cannabis for the drug Marinol and other more profitable and marketable forms of cannabis based medicines has further pushed the envelope of cannabis cultivation in all forms of laboratory, both public and private.

The emphasis on advanced cultivation techniques, as well as the availability of hybrid strains (with names like Northern Lights, Blueberry, NYC Diesel), is believed to be a factor in the increase in the overall quality and variety of commercially-available cannabis over the past few decades. However, it should be noted that well-grown heirloom strains (e.g. Thai, Colombian Gold, Panama Red) are still in use. The following covers the plant's entire growth, from germination to harvest.

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